Trust and team performance : A meta-analysis of main effects, moderators, and covariates

Journal article


de Jong, Bart A., Dirks, Kurt T. and Gillespie, Nicole. (2016). Trust and team performance : A meta-analysis of main effects, moderators, and covariates. Journal of Applied Psychology. 101(8), p. 1134–1150. https://doi.org/10.1037/apl0000110
Authorsde Jong, Bart A., Dirks, Kurt T. and Gillespie, Nicole
Abstract

Cumulating evidence from 112 independent studies (N = 7,763 teams), we meta-analytically examine the fundamental questions of whether intrateam trust is positively related to team performance, and the conditions under which it is particularly important. We address these questions by analyzing the overall trust–performance relationship, assessing the robustness of this relationship by controlling for other relevant predictors and covariates, and examining how the strength of this relationship varies as a function of several moderating factors. Our findings confirm that intrateam trust is positively related to team performance, and has an above-average impact (ρ = .30). The covariate analyses show that this relationship holds after controlling for team trust in leader and past team performance, and across dimensions of trust (i.e., cognitive and affective). The moderator analyses indicate that the trust–performance relationship is contingent upon the level of task interdependence, authority differentiation, and skill differentiation in teams. Finally, we conducted preliminary analyses on several emerging issues in the literature regarding the conceptualization and measurement of trust and team performance (i.e., referent of intrateam trust, dimension of performance, performance objectivity). Together, our findings contribute to the literature by helping to (a) integrate the field of intrateam trust research, (b) resolve mixed findings regarding the trust–performance relationship, (c) overcome scholarly skepticism regarding the main effect of trust on team performance, and (d) identify the conditions under which trust is most important for team performance.

Keywordsmeta-analysis; performance; teams; trust
Year2016
JournalJournal of Applied Psychology
Journal citation101 (8), p. 1134–1150
PublisherAmerican Psychological Association
ISSN0021-9010
1939-1854
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)https://doi.org/10.1037/apl0000110
Scopus EID2-s2.0-84964412325
Open accessPublished as green open access
Research or scholarlyResearch
Page range1134–1150
Research GroupPeter Faber Business School
Author's accepted manuscript
License
All rights reserved
File Access Level
Open
Publisher's version
License
All rights reserved
File Access Level
Controlled
Output statusPublished
Publication dates
Print2016
Publication process dates
Accepted07 Mar 2016
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