Reexamining the surfaces of bone in boys and girls during adolescent growth: A 12-Year mixed longitudinal pQCT Study

Journal article


Gabel, Leigh, Nettlefold, Lindsay, Brasher, Penelope M., Moore, Sarah A., Ahamed, Yasmin, Macdonald, Heather M. and McKay, Heather A.. (2015). Reexamining the surfaces of bone in boys and girls during adolescent growth: A 12-Year mixed longitudinal pQCT Study. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research. 30(12), pp. 2158 - 2167. https://doi.org/10.1002/jbmr.2570
AuthorsGabel, Leigh, Nettlefold, Lindsay, Brasher, Penelope M., Moore, Sarah A., Ahamed, Yasmin, Macdonald, Heather M. and McKay, Heather A.
Abstract

We revisit Stanley Garn's theory related to sex differences in endocortical and periosteal apposition during adolescence using a 12-year mixed longitudinal study design. We used peripheral quantitative computed tomography to examine bone parameters in 230 participants (110 boys, 120 girls; aged 11.0 years at baseline). We assessed total (Tt.Ar, mm2), cortical (Ct.Ar, mm2), and medullary canal area (Me.Ar, mm2), Ct.Ar/Tt.Ar, cortical bone mineral density (Ct.BMD, mg/cm3), and polar strength-strain index (SSIp, mm3) at the tibial midshaft (50% site). We used annual measures of height and chronological age to identify age at peak height velocity (APHV) for each participant. We compared annual accrual rates of bone parameters between boys and girls, aligned on APHV using a linear mixed effects model. At APHV, boys demonstrated greater Tt.Ar (ratio = 1.27; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.21, 1.32), Ct.Ar (1.24 [1.18, 1.30]), Me.Ar (1.31 [1.22, 1.40]), and SSIp (1.36 [1.28, 1.45]) and less Ct.Ar/Tt.Ar (0.98 [0.96, 1.00]) and Ct.BMD (0.97 [0.96, 0.97]) compared with girls. Boys and girls demonstrated periosteal bone formation and net bone loss at the endocortical surface. Compared with girls, boys demonstrated greater annual accrual rates pre-APHV for Tt.Ar (1.18 [1.02, 1.34]) and Me.Ar (1.34 [1.11, 1.57]), lower annual accrual rates pre-APHV for Ct.Ar/Tt.Ar (0.56 [0.29, 0.83]) and Ct.BMD (–0.07 [–0.17, 0.04]), and similar annual accrual rates pre-APHV for Ct.Ar (1.10 [0.94, 1.26]) and SSIp (1.14 [0.98, 1.30]). Post-APHV, boys demonstrated similar annual accrual rates for Ct.Ar/Tt.Ar (1.01 [0.71, 1.31]) and greater annual accrual rates for all other bone parameters compared with girls (ratio = 1.23 to 2.63; 95% CI 1.11 to 3.45). Our findings support those of Garn and others of accelerated periosteal apposition during adolescence, more evident in boys than girls. However, our findings challenge the notion of greater endocortical apposition in girls, suggesting instead that girls experience diminished endocortical resorption compared with boys

KeywordspQCT; Bone Accrual; Bone Strength; Peak Height Velocity; Growth
Year2015
JournalJournal of Bone and Mineral Research
Journal citation30 (12), pp. 2158 - 2167
PublisherWiley-Blackwell Publishing, Inc.
ISSN0884-0431
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)https://doi.org/10.1002/jbmr.2570
Scopus EID2-s2.0-84954049833
Page range2158 - 2167
Research GroupMary MacKillop Institute for Health Research
Publisher's version
File Access Level
Controlled
Place of publicationUnited States of America
EditorsJ. E.Compston
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