Adjunctive selective estrogen receptor modulator increases neural activity in the hippocampus and inferior frontal gyrus during emotional face recognition in schizophrenia

Journal article


Ji, Ellen, Weickert, Cynthia S., Lenroot, Rhoshel, Kindler, J., Skilleter, Ashley J., Vercammen, Ans, White, Christopher, Gur, R. E. and Weickert, Thomas W.. (2016). Adjunctive selective estrogen receptor modulator increases neural activity in the hippocampus and inferior frontal gyrus during emotional face recognition in schizophrenia. Translational Psychiatry. 6, pp. 1 - 9. https://doi.org/10.1038/tp.2016.59
AuthorsJi, Ellen, Weickert, Cynthia S., Lenroot, Rhoshel, Kindler, J., Skilleter, Ashley J., Vercammen, Ans, White, Christopher, Gur, R. E. and Weickert, Thomas W.
Abstract

Estrogen has been implicated in the development and course of schizophrenia with most evidence suggesting a neuroprotective effect. Treatment with raloxifene, a selective estrogen receptor modulator, can reduce symptom severity, improve cognition and normalize brain activity during learning in schizophrenia. People with schizophrenia are especially impaired in the identification of negative facial emotions. The present study was designed to determine the extent to which adjunctive raloxifene treatment would alter abnormal neural activity during angry facial emotion recognition in schizophrenia. Twenty people with schizophrenia ( 12 men, 8 women ) participated in a 13-week, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover trial of adjunctive raloxifene treatment ( 120 mg per day orally ) and performed a facial emotion recognition task during functional magnetic resonance imaging after each treatment phase. Two-sample t-tests in regions of interest selected a priori were performed to assess activation differences between raloxifene and placebo conditions during the recognition of angry faces. Adjunctive raloxifene significantly increased activation in the right hippocampus and left inferior frontal gyrus compared with the placebo condition ( family-wise error, P < 0.05 ). There was no significant difference in performance accuracy or reaction time between active and placebo conditions. To the best of our knowledge, this study provides the first evidence suggesting that adjunctive raloxifene treatment changes neural activity in brain regions associated with facial emotion recognition in schizophrenia. These findings support the hypothesis that estrogen plays a modifying role in schizophrenia and shows that adjunctive raloxifene treatment may reverse abnormal neural activity during facial emotion recognition, which is relevant to impaired social functioning in men and women with schizophrenia.

Year2016
JournalTranslational Psychiatry
Journal citation6, pp. 1 - 9
PublisherNature Publishing Group
ISSN2158-3188
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)https://doi.org/10.1038/tp.2016.59
Scopus EID2-s2.0-84966292072
Open accessOpen access
Page range1 - 9
Publisher's version
Additional information

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in the credit line; if the material is not included under the Creative Commons license, users will need to obtain permission from the license holder to reproduce the material. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

Place of publicationUnited Kingdom
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