Nitrate-rich vegetables increase plasma nitrate and nitrite concentrations and lower blood pressure in healthy adults

Journal article


Jonvik, Kristin L., Nyakayiru, Jean, Pinckaers, Philippe J. M., Senden, Joan M. G., van Loon, Luc J. C. and Verdijk, Lex B.. (2016). Nitrate-rich vegetables increase plasma nitrate and nitrite concentrations and lower blood pressure in healthy adults. Journal of Nutrition. 146(5), pp. 986 - 993. https://doi.org/10.3945/jn.116.229807
AuthorsJonvik, Kristin L., Nyakayiru, Jean, Pinckaers, Philippe J. M., Senden, Joan M. G., van Loon, Luc J. C. and Verdijk, Lex B.
Abstract

Background: Dietary nitrate is receiving increased attention due to its reported ergogenic and cardioprotective properties. The extent to which ingestion of various nitrate-rich vegetables increases postprandial plasma nitrate and nitrite concentrations and lowers blood pressure is currently unknown. Objective: We aimed to assess the impact of ingesting different nitrate-rich vegetables on subsequent plasma nitrate and nitrite concentrations and resting blood pressure in healthy normotensive individuals. Methods: With the use of a semirandomized crossover design, 11 men and 7 women [mean ± SEM age: 28 ± 1 y; mean ± SEM body mass index ( BMI, in kg/m2 ): 23 ± 1; exercise: 1–10 h/wk] ingested 4 different beverages, each containing 800 mg ( ∼12.9 mmol ) nitrate: sodium nitrate ( NaNO3 ), concentrated beetroot juice, a rocket salad beverage, and a spinach beverage. Plasma nitrate and nitrite concentrations and blood pressure were determined before and up to 300 min after beverage ingestion. Data were analyzed using repeated-measures ANOVA. Results: Plasma nitrate and nitrite concentrations increased after ingestion of all 4 beverages ( P < 0.001 ). Peak plasma nitrate concentrations were similar for all treatments ( all values presented as means ± SEMs: NaNO3: 583 ± 29 μmol/L; beetroot juice: 597 ± 23 μmol/L; rocket salad beverage: 584 ± 24 μmol/L; spinach beverage: 584 ± 23 μmol/L ). Peak plasma nitrite concentrations were different between treatments ( NaNO3: 580 ± 58 nmol/L; beetroot juice: 557 ± 57 nmol/L; rocket salad beverage: 643 ± 63 nmol/L; spinach beverage: 980 ± 160 nmol/L; P = 0.016 ). When compared with baseline, systolic blood pressure declined 150 min after ingestion of beetroot juice ( from 118 ± 2 to 113 ± 2 mm Hg; P < 0.001 ) and rocket salad beverage ( from 122 ± 3 to 116 ± 2 mm Hg; P = 0.007 ) and 300 min after ingestion of spinach beverage ( from 118 ± 2 to 111 ± 3 mm Hg; P < 0.001 ), but did not change with NaNO3. Diastolic blood pressure declined 150 min after ingestion of all beverages ( P < 0.05 ) and remained lower at 300 min after ingestion of rocket salad ( P = 0.045 ) and spinach ( P = 0.001 ) beverages. Conclusions: Ingestion of nitrate-rich beetroot juice, rocket salad beverage, and spinach beverage effectively increases plasma nitrate and nitrite concentrations and lowers blood pressure to a greater extent than sodium nitrate. These findings show that nitrate-rich vegetables can be used as dietary nitrate supplements.

Keywordsnitrate; nitrite; bloodpressure; bioavailability; beetroot; rocketsalad; spinach
Year2016
JournalJournal of Nutrition
Journal citation146 (5), pp. 986 - 993
PublisherAmerican Society for Nutrition
ISSN0022-3166
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)https://doi.org/10.3945/jn.116.229807
Scopus EID2-s2.0-84978891190
Page range986 - 993
Research GroupMary MacKillop Institute for Health Research
Publisher's version
File Access Level
Controlled
Place of publicationUnited States
Permalink -

https://acuresearchbank.acu.edu.au/item/8q826/nitrate-rich-vegetables-increase-plasma-nitrate-and-nitrite-concentrations-and-lower-blood-pressure-in-healthy-adults

Restricted files

Publisher's version

  • 52
    total views
  • 0
    total downloads
  • 3
    views this month
  • 0
    downloads this month
These values are for the period from 19th October 2020, when this repository was created.

Export as